24/02/2010
Profit driven Agriculture causing famines and soil degradation.
22/02/2010
The cost of pollution, not only a matter of dollars. Lives too.
By, Uwe Paschen.
A study conducted by the London-based consultancy Trucost, which is due to be published this summer, found that the combined damage of only the world's 3000 biggest companies was worth US $2.2 trillion in 2008 alone. This is a figure bigger than the national economies of all but seven countries in the world for that year.
Would those companies have to pay for the damage they cause, they would have to disburse the equivalent of one third of their profits to do so.
The report on the economics of climate change by Sir Nicholas Stern is trying to put an accurate price tag on the damage inflicted unto the environment and find suggestion to prevent it as well. Wile the report, led by economist Pavan Sukhdev, suggest the abolition of all subsidies to harmful industries like agriculture, energy and transport, all the wile asking for tougher laws and higher taxes on polluting industries to stop the trend and enforce the much needed changes.
This of course may have some serious consequences and will affect not only on the customers and the companies profits, more so it will affect labour laws and pension plans all the same, as the UN-backed Principles for Responsible Investment report does suggest.
Centuries of mismanagement and abuse seem to come back to hunt us now with a revenge and a very high price tag as well. Failing to act will not only increase the sub sequential price tag to fix it. But, any further delay would make the task exponentially harder to achieve, allowing to reverse or rather limit the damage and the disaster that will come along with it, whose price tag can not even be estimated for it is simply to high to fathom.
Sukhdev told the annual Earthwatch Oxford lecture last week.
"The world's extinction crisis continues in 2010, the United Nations International Year of Biodiversity. As humans, we have the power to protect nature or destroy it. As this lecture will demonstrate, we must urgently explore all the ways in which we can preserve and protect life on earth. After all, biodiversity is crucial to providing us all with health, food, fuel, wealth and the vital services on which our lives depend."
Ceres, an investors and environmentalist lobby group with over 80 funds and assets exceeding eight trillion dollar US, Is estimating that those environmental changes that are desperately needed will cost North America alone over 20,000 jobs and over one billion dollar a year just to agricultural companies due to water shortages in California and other areas.
Our pollution is not only starting to cost us dearly, in addition, the price keeps increasing the longer we wait to act with some serious intentions and methods. Sadly, the price tag in human lives keeps on increasing as well with each day we waste. This not only in numbers of jobs being lost or in reduction in pension plans or health care programs, but in real lives that will be inevitably sacrifices and lost. The numbers will exceed the hundreds of millions worldwide and maybe even worth. Much could still be saved and avoided would we have changed by now, sadly we have not rely tried so far.
http://www.earthwatch.org/europe/newsroom/news_events/news-5-sukhdev.html
Climate change; is it for real or are we being mislead?
By, Uwe Paschen.
Climate change is on many peoples mind these days and some do wonder whether it is for real or if we are being mislead?
One may first have to define climate change. Climate change is any change from a given point of reference or an average of a period of reference wish would be either higher or lower then the point of reference, wish would be either colder or warmer then the point of reference.
The earth climate underwent many changes over the past billion years. Some of those drastic changes may have been caused by major natural disasters such as meteorite impacts on the earth. One of those major impacts is believed to have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs, but this we can not say with absolute certainty, since other factors may very well have caused this massive extinction.
The last mini ice age or also called Little Ice age, that we underwent in the 17th century seems to have been caused by several factors coming together, for one, it was a period of enhanced volcanic activity. In the past two centuries, we have seen how volcanic activity can affect climate. After the eruption of Tambora in April 1815, the Earth cooled for at least two years with 1816 being recorded in many places as the Year without a summer. Cooling was also observed after the eruptions of Krakatau in 1883 and Pinatubo in 1991, although not as extreme as the cooling associated with Tambora.
Also the Solar observation of the 18th century suggest a decrease in solar activity, this does however not explain the onset of the Little ice age, since this one started in the 14th century and lasted until the 19th century. Further, the little ice age was limited to the northern hemisphere, the over all average temperature of that period was only one degree Celsius below normal.
In the period of the little ice age, in wish Western Europe experienced a general cooling of the climate between the years 1150 and 1460 and a very cold climate between 1560 and 1850 that brought dire consequences to its peoples. This colder weather affected agriculture, health, economics, social strife, emigration, and even art and literature. Increased glaciation and storms also had a devastating affect on those that lived near glaciers and the sea. The growing season changed by 15 to 20 percent between the warmest and coldest times of the millennium. That is enough to affect almost any type of food production, especially crops highly adapted to use the full-season warm climatic periods. During the coldest times of the Little Ice Age, England's growing season was shortened by one to two months compared to present day values.
Some do point out with good reason, that just before those drastic climate changes we had a period of massive overpopulation, great Empires, countless wars and massive deforestation conducted by the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Inca, Aztec and Chinese Empires. All making an accumulative impact on the earth environment and its ecological balance. Systematic burning of large Forest areas was practiced by most, in part to make room for farm land, but also to harvest wood for the construction of buildings, ships and to dismantle rebel groups that used the woods to hide and made the roads unsafe and expensive to police.
Europe lost 60% of its forest in that era, after the 16th century massive reforestation was practised in Europe, still it never recovered from the losses. In North America over 80% of all wood land has been clear cut in the past two centuries and not restored, this is adding to a great lack of CO2 filters we need.
Today though, we are faced with several more factors and our present climate change is far greater and faster then any thing humanity has witnessed so far on a global level.
We do burn fossil fuels, clear cut forest, and pollute the waters and the air with toxins and worth. We are also totally overpopulated. Yet, some claim that all this can not have any negative impact what so ever and persist that it is all the sun’s doing…
Well, granted we do know rather little, even though we behave as we where gods and all mighty. Our arrogance and shortsighted thinking may very well be our undoing. Why we see some argue that Humans cause only 3% of all CO2 produced. That is true, if we only count what we produce directly our self’s. However, once we add the CO2 caused by Man made activities and pollution such as clear cutting a forest and overfishing or destroying a coral reef. Then our human contribution is almost a quarter of all CO2 produced and should we take a deeper look into the missing trees and oceans wild life that can no longer absorb the CO2 because we simply destroyed them. Then our impact is even greater.
Now, I personally worry less about the CO2 then I do about the O2 that we destroy or rather lock up in the CO2 and in other forms such as C3H5(NO3)3 nitro-glycerine or O2 H2O 2e-→HO2.sup.- OH- Peroxide. The use of the Oxygen atom can be fund in many application and combination. The more it is used the less there is available. Why in part, our oxygen levels are falling. For instance, the more we burn energy the more oxygen is being locked away in form of CO2 and other combined Atoms. This oxygen became available in the air and made life possible on earth thanks to photosynthesis. The photosynthetic source of oxygen was probably in operation as long ago as 3.8 billion years.
Once the photosynthetic oxygen source exceeded the rate of supply of reduced minerals exposed by erosion and weathering, the accumulation of oxygen in the ocean and atmosphere could be controlled only by reaction of oxygen with reduced organic material. This stabilization mechanism still operates today. This balance has been compromised though, due to Human pollution and excessive burning of fossil fuels, wish leads us to an oxygen depletion of the atmosphere. At the time of the first homosapian the Oxygen levels of the air was 35% compared to 22% at the beginning of the 19th century and 20.9% today.
Why is this relevant? Well, should the level of oxygen in the air keep on falling and go bellow 19%, then we would simply start to suffocate. This is why Climate change, pollution and CO2 absorption do matter. This may be of greater concern to the next generation, then it is to the presently ruling baby boomer generation. Those BB are on their way out and won’t have to worry to much longer. Never the less, it is that generation of baby boomer that plays with the lives of the next generation, yet they wound be held accountable for it nor will they have to suffer the consequences of their abuses.
Now, the trouble with Climate change or global warming, is that it may cause an Ice age as well, at least in parts of the world, such as Europe and this due to the potential collapse of the Golf stream, wish allows for the moderate climate that Europe enjoys in its western and northern parts. This Golf stream is depended on the gravity of the Sea water and this one will change with even the smallest change in sea levels, wish will affect the golf stream almost instantly.
The Earth is a rather complex planet with delicate balances that allows life to exist and strive. It does not take much to upset this balancing act nor to destroy all life, as we know it.
A coral reef for instance does not tolerate any temperature changes be on and above one single degree Celsius nor can it survive a change in the PH of the water be on one point either way. Yet, that Coral reef contributes greatly to our biodiversity and balancing the climate, for one it is a great absorber of CO2.
Should the coral reefs dye out, as they seem to, we would then face another chain reactions of further genocidal events.
Life on earth has evolved and learned to deal with many variables such as the cycles of the sun and moon or even Comets and other cycles for wish it has fund ways over millions of years to compensate.
Humans are however, one factor the earth has not had near enough time to compensate for. We are the once that can tip this delicate balance with our irresponsible actions and life stiles.
Ironically the greatest opposition to this debate and for any change in reducing our pollution and cleaning up our planet comes from North America wish is coincidentally also the greatest contributor to the problem over the past two centuries and the one that has done the least to counter this pollution as well.
The leaders in Environmental technology and implementation are in Europe and Asian, This however, is not enough. Even China the US favourite scapegoat has invested more into renewable energy and to counter pollution over the past ten years then North America did.
What will we tell our grand children when they ask us where all the wild life has gone to and why we are having trouble breathing? Or when they are wondering why Grand Pa or Grand Ma did not do any thing to counter the destruction and death of the diversity of life on Earth but went on in stead driving SUVs and playing ignorant all the wile screaming for more cheep oil to be burned in their cars and houses?
I wonder how we will be able to justify all this to the coming generations?
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/climate-change-it-real-or-are-we-being-mislead
While the World condemns Niger's coup, its people party.
By, Uwe Paschen.
It has been three days since President Tandja was relieved from power by a military coup. By now, the first reactions from around the world where voiced.
The most important may be that of the African Union (AU or OUA) which has suspended Niger’s membership from the continental organization a day after the coup that ousted President Mamadou Tandja.
Uganda's AU ambassador Mull Sebujja Katende said,
“Niger is suspended from all activities of the African Union. Meanwhile, we will continue with the process of helping them to return to constitutional order… The ultimate for a situation like what is in Niger is that ultimately, every Nigerian will go to a booth, cast a vote, elect a leader he wants, eventually,"
Even though the African Union sanctions are generally considered to be of a symbolic nature with little power behind it, also the AU wants to change this and show some force this time, this in the form of travel embargos, economic sanctions and other forms of restriction as deemed necessary.
The AU counsel President Mr. Katende, expressed that the AU position is, that there is no good coup, and that in the case of Niger, two wrongs do not make a right. Even though the AU and EU did not approve of Niger’s former Presidents Tandja politics or his suspension of the constitution, a coup is hardly the right way of solving Niger’s troubles.
The AU does oppose all coups, even against leaders that hold power illegally, this in it self could be seen as double standard and a lack of compassion for the people that have to live under some of Africa’s Tyrants, even though in principal this is most commendable as a position to be taken by the AU. With out some major power and pressure, hardly holding any value alas.
The AU demands that Niger will hold elections with in a month; wish may be somewhat unrealistic from a logistic point of view.
The UN on the other hand has not even discussed the situation in Niger so far, even though the UN chief Ban Ki-moon added his voice to international condemnation of a coup that toppled Niger's president.
The EU for its part did as well condemn the coup in Niger through the voice of its High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.
In the mean time wile the World leaders may fear for a shortage off Uranium and Oil supplies the people of Niger seem to be rather happy after all in Niamey, Maradi and Tahoua thousands are reported to openly celebrate in the streets and rejoice in the fact that Tandja is no longer in power.
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/curfew-has-been-lifted-only-day-after-nigers-coup
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/coup-niger-after-year-demonstrations-and-opposition
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/thousand-protesting-tandjas-hold-power-niger
21/02/2010
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/future-now-green-automobiles-replace-polluting-cars
By, Uwe Paschen.
Replacing at least 90% of all conventional Gasoline powered automobiles in Japan with in the coming decade with environment friendly vehicles. This was the election promise last August made by our new Social Democratic Government.
It seems that they will keep this electoral promise and that most cars on the roads of Japan will in deed be powered by either electricity or Hydrogen before the end of 2020. This is done with a systematic approach that is cost effective and builds on existing infrastructures rather then having to make massive new investments.
The First step was the Hybrid; this is now followed by the electric car and will lead to the Hydrogen powered car by 2050.
The electric car is ready for the market now and went on sale last December with government incentives of up to 1.4 million Yen (wish equates to about $15,000.00).
Mitsubishi is selling since December 2009 its new “MIEV” here in Japan wish cost at the moment 4 million Yen (about $45,000.00), the governments incentive would bring the current price down to 2.6 million Yen (or $30,000.00).
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Mitsubishi for its part plans to be able to lower the price down to 2 million Yen ($22,000.00) by 2012.
Similar models and price rages can be fund with all major carmakers, such as Daimler AG,Toyota Motor Corp., General Motors Corp., Renault SA, Peugeot-Citroen, and VW AG. They all have and are still developing new-generation electric vehicles as well as Hydrogen powered automobiles.
Most of us do not realise that the Electric vehicles were among the earliest automobiles, starting in 1881, with the French inventor Gustave Trouvé who demonstrated a working three-wheeled automobile that was powered by electricity, and this was before the pre-eminence of light or powerful internal combustion engines, electric automobiles held many vehicle land speed and distance records in the early 1900s. Those were produced byBaker Electric, Columbia Electric, Detroit Electric, and others and at one point in history they out-sold gasoline-powered vehicles.
Still, preceding those electric engines was the hydrogen internal combustion engine wish was invented in 1807 by François Isaac de Rivaz a Swiss engineer. Today Hydrogen engines are making a come back after two centuries of neglect and those new engines prove to be more efficient bulk for bulk then any Gasoline engines could ever be. Those Hydrogen powered engines are not lacking future potential in diverse applications either, even in the racing industry. Judging by the single seat BMW H2R wish has most recently set a land-speed record for H2 cars of 298 Km/H (185 mph) plus eight other speed records as well.
Wile electric motors do not have the torque of combustion engines and still have limited range due to the batteries charge, their weight and life span. They do seem to be the best solution for the time being for passenger cars short to medium and long-range travel.
In heavy transportation, agriculture and construction though, the best way to go seems to be the Bio-Diesel engine or the Hydrogen engine.
While some consumers are still reluctant to make the change in favour of the environment and find countless excuses not to go green, the facts show that none of those seem valid though.
For instance, some argue that the range of an electric car is to limited.
Most people drive less then 40 Km per day and most electric cars have a range exceeding 120 Km and need a maximum of 7 hours to fully charge when empty on a 100 Volt outlet and only 20 minutes at a charging station, wish uses 480 Volt outlets. Those electric cars can already be recharged almost anywhere today and new charging stations are being build with low investments. Usually the charging time is much less since at the end of the day the battery is not completely empty.
Further, electric cars are not only for short distance driving, for the past seven years that electric cars have been tested, those where regularly driven in excess of 160 Km.
The electricity used by electric car does cause no pollution if produced by renewable energies sources and even if the electricity is produced by coal power plants it still causes 0.2 Kg less CO2 pollution for every 3 Km driven then the average Gasoline powered car wish produces 1 Kg of CO2 for every 3 Km driven.
The power grid can handle the switch to electric cars as well as a 2007 study fund; wish was conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Batteries’ polluting the environment is of concern for many consumers. However, it is unfunded since all manufactures do offer extensive recycling programs and already today more then 95% of all batteries are being properly recycled in Japan and the EU.
Today those batteries are still expensive. This will rapidly change though, as Mitsubishi announced for there own batteries for example, the cost will be reduced by two third by 2012 once the production volume has amortise the initial investment cost.
The fear of explosion or fire off the batteries is unfunded as well since they are many kinds of lithium-ion batteries, those that have made the news are the lithium-cobalt batteries found in consumer electronics, they can pose a fire risk in certain circumstances. Most plug-in vehicle makers are working with other battery types (such as lithium-iron-phosphate and lithium-manganese) those have inherent safety advantages and they also have a longer life span then lithium-cobalt batteries do.
According to the journal, Science and others, by 2050 most of us will not drive nor see a conventional Gasoline powered car any longer.
Finally yet importantly is the up front investment cost wish is higher for electric or Hydrogen powered Automobiles then it is for conventional gasoline powered cars. The operation cost on the other hand is substantially lower with an electric or hydrogen-powered car though. Since it does cost on average 9 Yen (11cents) in Gasoline for every Km where as it cost only one Yen (1.3cents) for every Km with an electric car and 3 Yen (4.2cents) with a Hydrogen powered car.
The Green car is no longer a futuristic vision of some sort. The change is already under way here in Japan as well as in the EU and elsewhere. Better trade that polluting gasoline powered car for an Electric one wile you still can, because very soon no one will want to trade those polluters in any longer. The upcoming new laws will be harsh on those Gasoline engines making them very expensive to own and operate.
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/climate-change-it-real-or-are-we-being-mislead
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/japans-pm-yukio-hatoyama-keep-electoral-promises
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/japan-does-now-jail-polluters
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/japan-make-climate-change-priority-over-economy
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/toyotas-first-solar-powered-car
http://my.nowpublic.com/world/solar-power-restart-economy-and-create-jobs-world-wide
Ford Gets Smart: Electric Cars Will Talk To Meters, Charge At Cheapest Rates
Will Algae Fuel The Hydrogen Economy?
New Battery Technologies In A Spin
Brighter Future For Interoperable Smart Meters And Energy Efficient Appliances
UK Budget Brings Green Rewards To Renewables, Power Companies, Energy Efficiency And Cars
Read more: http://www.ev-life.com/
http://www.energy-savingnews.com/2009/09/hydrogen-future-needs-electric-cars/#ixzz0cfrByjrK
http://www.energy-savingnews.com/2009/09/hydrogen-future-needs-electric-cars/
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Travel/Alternative-fuel
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/reality-worse-then-prognosis-latest-ipcc-report
http://my.nowpublic.com/environment/revenge-gaia-humanity-under-attack

